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- $Unique_ID{BRK03194}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{isoniazid}
- $Subject{Laniazid Lannett Nydrazid Apothecon Antitubercular isoniazid
- tuberculosis bacteria}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1993 Publications International, Ltd.
-
-
- isoniazid
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- BRAND NAMES (Manufacturers)
-
- isoniazid (various manufacturers)
- Laniazid (Lannett)
- Nydrazid (Apothecon)
-
- TYPE OF DRUG
-
- Antitubercular
-
- INGREDIENT
-
- isoniazid
-
- DOSAGE FORMS
-
- Tablets (50 mg, 100 mg, and 300 mg)
- Oral syrup (50 mg per 5-ml spoonful)
-
- STORAGE
-
- Store at room temperature in a tightly closed, light-resistant container.
- This medication should never be frozen.
-
- USES
-
- Isoniazid is used to prevent and treat tuberculosis. It acts by severely
- injuring the cell structure of tuberculosis bacteria, thereby preventing them
- from growing and multiplying.
-
- TREATMENT
-
- In order to avoid stomach irritation, you can take isoniazid with food or
- a full glass of water or milk (unless your doctor directs you to do
- otherwise).
- Antacids prevent the absorption of isoniazid from the gastrointestinal
- tract, so they should not be taken within an hour of a dose of isoniazid.
- Each dose of the oral syrup should be measured carefully with a specially
- designed 5-ml measuring spoon. An ordinary kitchen teaspoon is not accurate
- enough for medical purposes.
- It is important to continue to take this medication for the entire time
- prescribed by your doctor, even if your symptoms disappear before the end of
- that period. If you stop taking the drug too soon, your infection could
- recur.
- It is common for therapy to last for at least six months and, at times,
- for as long as two years.
- Try not to miss any doses of this medication. If you do miss a dose,
- take the missed dose as soon as possible, unless it is almost time for the
- next dose. In that case, do not take the missed dose at all; just return to
- your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the next dose.
-
- SIDE EFFECTS
-
- Minor.
-
- Abdominal pain, dizziness, heartburn, nausea, or vomiting. These side
- effects should disappear as your body adjusts to the medication.
- If you feel dizzy, sit or lie down for a while; get up slowly from a
- sitting or reclining position, and be careful on stairs.
-
- Major.
-
- Tell your doctor about any side effects that are persistent or
- particularly bothersome. IT IS ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR about
- blurred vision, breast enlargement (in both sexes), chills, darkening of the
- urine, eye pain, fever, malaise, memory impairment, numbness or tingling in
- the fingers or toes, rash, unusual bleeding or bruising, vision changes,
- weakness, or yellowing of the eyes or skin.
- Your doctor may want to prescribe vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to prevent the
- numbness and tingling. However, do not take vitamin B6 without consulting
- your doctor.
-
- INTERACTIONS
-
- Isoniazid interacts with several other types of medications:
- 1. Concurrent use of isoniazid and alcohol can lead to decreased
- effectiveness of isoniazid and increased side effects on the liver.
- 2. The combination of isoniazid and cycloserine can result in dizziness
- or drowsiness.
- 3. The combination of isoniazid and disulfiram can lead to dizziness,
- loss of coordination, irritability, and insomnia.
- 4. Isoniazid can decrease the breakdown of phenytoin and carbamazepine in
- the body, which can lead to an increase in side effects from phenytoin and
- carbamazepine.
- 5. Isoniazid can decrease the effectiveness of ketoconazole.
- 6. In combination, rifampin and isoniazid can increase the risk of liver
- damage. However, this is a commonly prescribed combination.
- 7. The effectiveness of isoniazid may be decreased by
- adrenocorticosteroids (cortisone-like medicines).
- 8. The side effects of benzodiazepine tranquilizers or meperidine may be
- increased by isoniazid.
- BE SURE TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR about any medications you are currently
- taking, especially those listed above.
-
- WARNINGS
-
- * Tell your doctor about unusual or allergic reactions you have had to
- any medications, especially to isoniazid, ethionamide, pyrazinamide, or niacin
- (vitamin B3).
- * Before starting to take this medication, be sure to tell your doctor if
- you have a history of alcoholism, or if you now have or ever had kidney
- disease, liver disease, or seizures.
- * If this drug makes you dizzy, avoid tasks that require alertness, such
- as driving a car.
- * Your doctor may want you to have periodic eye examinations while taking
- this medication, especially if you begin to have vison side effects.
- * Isoniazid can interact with several foods (skipjack fish, tuna, yeast
- extracts, sauerkraut juice, sausages, and certain cheeses), leading to severe
- reactions. You should, therefore, avoid eating these foods while being
- treated with isoniazid.
- * Diabetics using Clinitest urine glucose tests may get erroneously high
- sugar readings while they are taking isoniazid. Temporarily changing to
- Clinistix or Tes-Tape urine tests avoids this problem.
- * Be sure to tell your doctor if you are pregnant. Although isoniazid
- appears to be safe during pregnancy, it does cross the placenta. Extensive
- studies in pregnant women have not been conducted. Also, tell your doctor if
- you are breastfeeding an infant. Small amounts of isoniazid pass into breast
- milk.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-